Kenneth Sullivan's central banking career is built around periods as a senior financial sector expert with the International Monetary Fund and seven years at the Reserve Bank of New Zealand as chief manager of both accounting and corporate services. During his tenure the RBNZ developed new reporting frameworks that won accounting prizes for their transparency and completed a fundamental reorganisation of the bank. Prior to that he provided a financial management information system consultancy, held senior accounting roles in insurance and wholesaling, and worked in education. He has written on issues of central bank financial reporting, capital adequacy, organisation and accountability. 2014 saw publication of the book Financial Independence and Accountability for Central Banks that he edited with Martina Horakova of Central Bank Publications. Whilst at the IMF he represented the IMF on the International Financial Reporting Standards Advisory Council for 7 years and provided advice to over 90 central banks along with a secondment to a London bank working on structured finance.

Atilla Arda is a Senior Financial Sector Expert in the International Monetary Fund’s (IMF) Monetary and Capital Markets Department; prior to this, he was a Senior Counsel in the IMF’s Financial & Fiscal Law Unit. Mr. Arda joined the IMF in February 2007 from the central bank of the Netherlands where he held a Senior Counsel position and was Substitute Secretary to the Board; he also contributed to the workings of the Legal Committee of the European System of Central Banks. Mr. Arda has consulted for over 70 countries, half of which on-site, including for countries as diverse as Egypt, Greece, Indonesia, Ireland, Jamaica, Kosovo, Myanmar, Portugal, Sri Lanka, and Ukraine. Most recently, he was the deputy head for the Switzerland Financial Sector Assessment Program (FSAP), and he led the FSAP crisis readiness teams for the United Kingdom, United States, and euro area. Mr. Arda is specialized in central bank governance and law, financial law, institutional frameworks for macroprudential policy and crisis management, financial safety net arrangements, crisis preparedness, and bank resolution regimes. Mr. Arda undertook his undergraduate at the Amsterdam Academy of Banking and Finance; he is a graduate of both the Amsterdam Law School and the Amsterdam Graduate School of Law of the University of Amsterdam, where he specialized in international economic and financial law. He is a regular speaker at international conferences and has been chairing Central Banking Publications’ course on ‘Central Bank Governance and Legal Risks’ since 2014.

Marko Škreb is a former governor of the Croatian National Bank. Currently he is Central banking lead on a Financial sector reform project (FINRA) in Bosnia and Herzegovina, financed by USAID. Before that he was resident project manager for Canada-IMF Capacity building project at the National Bank of Ukraine. He moved to Kyiv from his position as advisor at the International Monetary Fund’s Regional Technical Assistance centre in Accra, Ghana.  Before that, he was chief economist and strategist at the second largest commercial bank in Croatia. Mr. Skreb started his professional career teaching at the University of Zagreb. Following academic vocation he joined the Croatian central bank, first as research and statistics director and later on as governor (from 1996 to 2000). In 1997 he was awarded the Central European Annual Awards for Excellence - Best Central Bank Governor by the Banker. Since 2000 he worked as a consultant for the International Monetary Fund and the World Bank in numerous countries, mostly in South-East Europe. He also worked at the Independent Evaluation Office of the IMF in Washington DC in the period 2004-2005. Mr Škreb published a number of articles and edited books, focusing on transition questions and financial issues.

From 2005 to 2021 John Kiff was a Senior Financial Sector Expert at the International Monetary Fund (IMF). Prior to that, he was at the Bank of Canada for 25 years, where he spent most of his time managing the funding and investment of the government’s foreign exchange reserves, including running its interest rate and currency swap book. At the IMF he was part of the team that produces the semi-annual Global Financial Stability Report covering innovative financial products. More recently he has been focusing on fintech issues and central bank digital currency.

Robin Darbyshire is a chartered accountant who has worked, as an independent consultant for 10 years, mainly on central bank issues. He has undertaken a number of projects for the International Monetary Fund, including implementation of International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS) in central banks. He has also worked on a payments system at a middle eastern central bank. Previously he spent 19 years with the Bank of England, for 17 of which he was responsible for the Bank’s accounts. He was a founder member of the committee that devised the accounting framework and policies for the European System of Central Banks and has recently undertaken projects for the European Central Bank related to Eurosystem accounting. He has written a number of articles on issues in central bank accounting and regularly speaks at conferences on central bank finances.

Robin Darbyshire is a chartered accountant who has worked, as an independent consultant for 10 years, mainly on central bank issues. He has undertaken a number of projects for the International Monetary Fund, including implementation of International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS) in central banks. He has also worked on a payments system at a middle eastern central bank. Previously he spent 19 years with the Bank of England, for 17 of which he was responsible for the Bank’s accounts. He was a founder member of the committee that devised the accounting framework and policies for the European System of Central Banks and has recently undertaken projects for the European Central Bank related to Eurosystem accounting. He has written a number of articles on issues in central bank accounting and regularly speaks at conferences on central bank finances.

Kenneth Sullivan's central banking career is built around periods as a senior financial sector expert with the International Monetary Fund and seven years at the Reserve Bank of New Zealand as chief manager of both accounting and corporate services. During his tenure the RBNZ developed new reporting frameworks that won accounting prizes for their transparency and completed a fundamental reorganisation of the bank. Prior to that he provided a financial management information system consultancy, held senior accounting roles in insurance and wholesaling, and worked in education. He has written on issues of central bank financial reporting, capital adequacy, organisation and accountability. 2014 saw publication of the book Financial Independence and Accountability for Central Banks that he edited with Martina Horakova of Central Bank Publications. Whilst at the IMF he represented the IMF on the International Financial Reporting Standards Advisory Council for 7 years and provided advice to over 90 central banks along with a secondment to a London bank working on structured finance.

Kenneth Sullivan's central banking career is built around periods as a senior financial sector expert with the International Monetary Fund and seven years at the Reserve Bank of New Zealand as chief manager of both accounting and corporate services. During his tenure the RBNZ developed new reporting frameworks that won accounting prizes for their transparency and completed a fundamental reorganisation of the bank. Prior to that he provided a financial management information system consultancy, held senior accounting roles in insurance and wholesaling, and worked in education. He has written on issues of central bank financial reporting, capital adequacy, organisation and accountability. 2014 saw publication of the book Financial Independence and Accountability for Central Banks that he edited with Martina Horakova of Central Bank Publications. Whilst at the IMF he represented the IMF on the International Financial Reporting Standards Advisory Council for 7 years and provided advice to over 90 central banks along with a secondment to a London bank working on structured finance.

Currently an international consultant in central banking and financial sector issues, Christian Durand was until 2018 deputy comptroller general of Banque de France, with direct reporting to the governor. His domain of responsibility included the audit function, operational risks and on-site inspections conducted by French examiners at the request of the Single Supervisory Mechanism (SSM) or the French banking supervision authority.  Before that, he was deputy director general for economics and international affairs at the Banque de France, and in this context was a member of Banque de France Monetary and Financial Stability Policy Committees and regularly attended CGFS meetings at the BIS. During his career, Mr. Durand has held senior positions with the International Monetary Fund’s Monetary and Capital Markets Department, the French Banking Supervisory Authority and the French Securities and Futures Commission and led negotiations ending with the signing of MOUs with the US Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) and Commodity Futures Trading Commission (CFTC). He has also worked extensively with financial institutions in France and other organizations, including the New York Federal Reserve Bank, the International Organization of Securities Commissions (IOSCO), FIRST initiative and the AFRITAC project. Through his different assignments he has developed a professional experience in central banking, international economics, financial supervision and financial sector development and stability issues. He has conducted or supervised the implementation of several technical assistance projects for the EU, the IMF or the Banque de France and led, for the IMF FSAP program, financial stability assessment missions in a wide range of countries starting with Cameroon in 1999 and ending with the United States in 2010. His academic education is in economics (thesis on “the concept of money in the controversies on capital, interest and fluctuations in the early thirties”), finance and law. 

Henrik Gardholm is the head of the Accounting Division of the Sveriges Riksbank, which is responsible for the central bank’s financial reporting and budgeting. He is also a member of the Accounting and Monetary Income Committee at the European Central Bank (ECB). Mr. Gardholm joined Sveriges Riksbank in April 1998, in a role responsible for financial reporting. He was then promoted to his current position in February 2006. Prior to joining Sveriges Riksbank, he was an internal auditor at a commercial bank called Nordea as well as an authorised public accountant at KPMG.

Jeremy spent many years as a financial services partner with PwC, auditing and advising central banks in Asia, Africa, Europe and the former Soviet Union. He was founder and chair of the PwC Central Bank Advisory Group, working with central banks on financial reporting, risk, controls and governance. He recognises that central banks are unique institutions, and therefore, in addition to strong financial services knowledge, they require additional special skills in an auditor and adviser. He currently works as an adviser to PwC Switzerland on their audit of the BIS.

Daniel N Loeto is Chief Financial Officer and Head of Finance Department, Bank of Botswana.  He holds a Bachelor of Science (Mathematics and Physics) and a Master of Business Administration.  He is a fellow of the Association of Chartered Certified Accountants (ACCA).

Mr Loeto currently sits on the board of Botswana Accountancy Oversight Authority (2011 to date): - a body responsible for the regulation of auditors and financial reporting in Botswana, has been a member of the Botswana Unified Revenue Service Board (tax authority) from 2004 to 2013.  He has served as a member of the International Monetary Fund’s External Audit Committee for three years (2014 – 2016).  Did an executive development- programme at the University of Cape Town’s Graduate School of Business (2005) and an advanced management programme at the Kellogg School of Management (Northwestern University) in 2017.

Kenneth Sullivan's central banking career is built around periods as a senior financial sector expert with the International Monetary Fund and seven years at the Reserve Bank of New Zealand as chief manager of both accounting and corporate services. During his tenure the RBNZ developed new reporting frameworks that won accounting prizes for their transparency and completed a fundamental reorganisation of the bank. Prior to that he provided a financial management information system consultancy, held senior accounting roles in insurance and wholesaling, and worked in education. He has written on issues of central bank financial reporting, capital adequacy, organisation and accountability. 2014 saw publication of the book Financial Independence and Accountability for Central Banks that he edited with Martina Horakova of Central Bank Publications. Whilst at the IMF he represented the IMF on the International Financial Reporting Standards Advisory Council for 7 years and provided advice to over 90 central banks along with a secondment to a London bank working on structured finance.