CBDCs and Stablecoins: Strategic Management and Regulatory Implications of Digital Money 2021 Main page

CBDCs and Stablecoins: Strategic Management and Regulatory Implications of Digital Money

CBDCs and Stablecoins: Strategic Management and Regulatory Implications of Digital Money

October 25 – 28

Chair: Elisabeth Noble, senior policy expert, European Banking Authority 

Changes in payments, finance and technology, alongside the disruption of the Covid-19 pandemic have led to a growing interest in CBDCs. For many central bankers, the questions is no longer ‘if’ but ‘when and ‘how’. Digital currencies represent an opportunity to improve efficiency in payment systems, enable faster and better cross border payments, and expand financial inclusion.

Yet, while central bankers explore the ways in which digital currencies could help to achieve their objectives, they naturally have reservations. Questions around issuance, regulation and use crowd in, overriding concerns about the implications for monetary policy and financial stability remain.

This course is designed to equip central bankers to meet these challenges.

Each day will feature three hours of expert-led Live Content to maximise the opportunity to share and learn. The chair will ensure participants have opportunities to network throughout the course, culminating in the Practical Implementation Workshop.

Timings: 8am-12pm (ET) | 1pm-5pm (BST) | 8pm-12am (SGT) 

Course Agenda

Two weeks prior to your training course you will be emailed access to our content hub with course materials, including a trial to Central Banking if you are not already subscribed. There will be a combination of articles, reports and presentations that will contribute to two hours of preparation time for the live content. Presentations for the sessions will also be held here subject to the speaker approval.

The Challenges and Implications of Central Banks Issuing Digital Currencies

13:0013:15

Course introduction

11:00 - 11:15

  • Introductions and welcome from the chairperson
  • Overview of the training course
  • Discussion of the delegate expectations

13:1514:15

CBDCs in 2021: the state of the art

11:15 - 11:45

  • Basic overview: defining and understanding the differences (and similarities) between CBDCs, so-called stablecoins and crypto assets
  • What are the different use cases of CBDCs?
  • Overview of implications for central bankers, regulators and supervisors 
  • Discussion: what are the next steps and key dynamics?
John Kiff

Former senior financial expert

Former International Monetary Fund

From 2005 to 2021 John Kiff was a Senior Financial Sector Expert at the International Monetary Fund (IMF). Prior to that, he was at the Bank of Canada for 25 years, where he spent most of his time managing the funding and investment of the government’s foreign exchange reserves, including running its interest rate and currency swap book. At the IMF he was part of the team that produces the semi-annual Global Financial Stability Report covering innovative financial products. More recently he has been focusing on fintech issues and central bank digital currency.

14:1514:30

Break

15:15 - 15:45

14:3015:15

So-called stablecoins: risks, vulnerabilities, and FSB recommendations

13:00 - 13:45

  • Overall summary of crypto-assets financial stability risks 
  • Risks to financial stability from non-stablecoin cryptos 
  • Vulnerabilities concerning stablecoins 
  • Decentralised finance 
  • Global stablecoins 
  • FSB global stablecoins recommendations and progress report 
Patrick Armstrong

Member of the secretariat

Financial Stability Board

Patrick is a Member of the Secretariat of the Financial Stability Board with a focus on financial innovation. Prior to joining the FSB in January 2020, Patrick worked for the European Securities and Markets Authority where he led the financial innovation work.  Previously, Patrick was Head of Investment Risk Management at State Street Global Advisors. Patrick is a CFA, FRM and PRM. 

15:1515:45

Networking break
An opportunity to share experiences with your fellow participants.

14:30 - 15:00

15:4516:45

The potential impact of so-called stablecoins on monetary policy

12:00 - 12:45

  • What are the implications of so-called stablecoins for the implementation of monetary policy? 
  • Do they impact the transmission channel? 
  • Are retail CBDCs the solution? 
Aleksi Grym

Head of fintech

Bank of Finland

Aleksi Grym is head of fintech at the Bank of Finland. He leads a team that manages a portfolio of projects related to fintech, new payment technologies and digital currencies. He is a member of the Eurosystem's digital euro project steering group. Before joining the Finnish central bank he worked in the consulting and technology investment industry for 15 years in London and Helsinki.

Use of CBDCs to Improve Payment Systems

13:0014:00

Making the most of opportunities in national and cross-border payments

11:00 - 11:45

  • Why do cross-border payments need to be improved? What efforts are being made to address the key challenges? 
  • CBDCs potential for improving cross-border payments efficiency
  • What are possible CBDC design options open to central banks for enhancing cross-border payments?
  • Examples of experiments and successful projects and initiatives 
  • Discussion: what are the next steps and key dynamics? 
Anneke Kosse

Senior Economist

BIS

Anneke Kosse is a Senior Economist at the Secretariat of the Bank for International Settlements’ Committee on Payments and Market Infrastructures (CPMI). Her portfolio includes conducting research and supporting the Secretariat’s policy and standard-setting work in the area of central bank digital currencies, cryptoassets and stablecoins. Previously, Anneke worked at the Bank of Canada, most recently as a Research Advisor at the Banking and Payments Department, where she was responsible for leading the Bank of Canada’s research agenda for the modernization of the Canadian payment system. Prior to that, Anneke worked for nearly ten years at the Dutch Central Bank, where she conducted research in the area of retail payments. Her payments research has been published in various peer reviewed journals. Anneke holds a PhD in Business and Economics from Tilburg University.

14:0014:15

Break

15:15 - 15:45

14:1515:15

CBDC design principles: decision making: the need for cross-jurisdictional thinking

12:00 - 12:45

  • What is the Bank of Canada doing?
  • What is the coalition of central banks doing
  • What are some of the key considerations in designing a CBDC
  • Discussion: what CBDC design elements would most benefit from cross-border consideration?
James Chapman

Senior research director, funds management and banking

Bank of Canada

James Chapman is the senior research director in the Funds Management and Banking Department at the Bank of Canada. He received a Ph.D. in Economics and an MSc in Statistics from the University of Iowa in 2006. He joined the Bank of Canada as a senior analyst in that year. His primary research focus has been on interbank market and financial market infrastructure issues such as liquidity risk and credit risk in large-value payment systems as well as the efficiency of interbank markets. Recently his research focus has evolved to include research on fintech related topics. These topics include the use of distributed ledger technology in financial market infrastructure, specifically the Bank’s Project Jasper, as well as questions related to digital currencies such as Bitcoin, Ethereum and initial coin offerings.

15:1515:30

Break

12:45 - 13:00

15:3016:30

So-called stablecoins and CBDCs: a driver for financial inclusion?

13:00 - 13:45

  • Overview financial inclusion strategies
  • Risks and opportunities for financial inclusion policies and strategies
  • Effective regulation in order to facilitate the potential digital money for financial inclusion
  • Discussion: to what extent should so-called stablecoins and/or CBDCs be incorporated into financial inclusion strategies?
Abhaya Prasad Hota

Former head of payment systems

Former Reserve Bank of India

Abhaya Prasad Hota, - former Head of Payment Systems in Reserve Bank of India is known for his valuable contribution in design and development of payment system in India. After his central banking experience for 27 years mostly in the area of payments and technology, he headed the umbrella retail payments institution named National Payments Corporation of India (NPCI) during 2009-2017 as its founding CEO. NPCI today handles 10 out of 13 types of retail payment systems in the country accounting for almost 80 percent of all  inter-bank retail payment transactions.  He played the key role in building the real time 24x7 retail money transfer system ( handling 110  million transactions  a day), domestic card payment system (the largest in the country in terms of number of cards issued in the country) and identity based Direct Benefit Transfer system  ( all government subsidies for social welfare programs passing through this DBT system).

Currently he serves as an Independent Director in the Boards of a few organisations in the area of banking and finance and speaks at various fora on design and development of national level payment system. During the year 2018-19, he was also in the World Bank Panel of Experts on Payment Systems.

Analysing the Role of Central Banks in Digital Currencies

13:0014:00

Legal aspects of issuing a CBDC

13:00 - 13:45

  • What are the key legal issues?
  • CBDC design: account-based vs. token-based approaches
  • Can CBDCs be granted “currency” status?
Marianne Bechara

Senior fintech counsel

International Monetary Fund

Ms. Marianne Bechara is a Senior Fintech Counsel in the International Monetary Fund’s Legal Department, where she provides legal advice on Fintech, central banks legislation and supervision regimes of financial institutions. Prior to relocating to U.S., Ms. Bechara was senior legal counsel directly assisting the General Counsel of the Lebanese Central Bank and Capital Market Authority at the time. Ms. Bechara received her a Bachelor of Laws in both Lebanese and French laws from Saint-Joseph University, Lebanon, and her LL.M in Banking and Financial Law from Boston University, U.S. She also completed the Fundamentals of FinTech and Banking Law Program at the University of California, Berkeley, U.S. She is an attorney admitted to practice law in both California and New York, U.S.

14:0014:15

Break

15:15 - 15:45

14:1515:15

Role of private sector with regards to CBDC usage

12:00 - 12:45

  • Are public/private partnerships useful for CBDC development?
  • What is the current role of the private sector in CBDC experimentation?
  • What are the areas in which private sector implementation can be most useful (e.g. AML/CFT, payment system)?
  • Discussion: should central banks be granted a monopoly for the issuance of digital currency?
Sharmyn Powell

Chief risk officer

Eastern Caribbean Central Bank

Ms Sharmyn Powell has been employed at the Eastern Caribbean Central Bank for over 25 years and currently holds the position of Chief Risk Officer.  She leads the Office of Corporate Strategy and Risk Management with responsibility for Enterprise Risk Management, Compliance, Strategic Plan development and monitoring and Business Continuity Management. 

Prior to assuming this role, she served in various capacities at the Bank including, Deputy Director, Accounting Department, Director, Currency Management Department and Director, Support Services Management Department.  She is the Chairperson of the Bank’s Fintech Working Group, which is leading the implementation of the DCash Pilot Project for the issuance of a block-chain based digital version of the EC Currency. 

Ms Powell is a Certified Accountant (ACCA), and also carries the designations of Chartered Director (C. Dir) and Audit Committee Certified (A.C.C). 

15:1515:30

Break

12:45 - 13:00

15:3016:30

If CBDCs are the solution, what is the problem?

11:00 - 11:45

  • What are the issues that CBDCs need to address?
  • Why would central banks issue a retail CBDC?
  • Why would central banks issue a wholesale CBDC?
Douglas Arner

Kerry Holdings professor in law

University of Hong Kong

Douglas W. Arner is the Kerry Holdings Professor in Law, RGC Senior Fellow in Digital Finance and Sustainable Development and Associate Director of the HKU-Standard Chartered Foundation FinTech Academy at the University of Hong Kong. In addition, he is Associate Dean (Taught Postgraduate and Development) of the Faculty of Law at HKU and co-founder and former Director of HKU’s Asian Institute of International Financial Law, as well as Faculty Director and co-founder of the LLM in Compliance and Regulation, the LLM in Corporate and Financial Law, the Law, Innovation, Technology and Entrepreneurship (LITE), and the East Asian International Economic Law and Policy Programmes. Douglas served as Head of the HKU Department of Law from 2011-2014, as Director of the Duke University-HKU Asia America Institute in Transnational Law from 2005-2016, and as an inaugural member of the Hong Kong Financial Services Development Council from 2013-2019. He is a Visiting Professor and Senior Visiting Fellow of Melbourne Law School of the University of Melbourne, a Visiting Professorial Fellow of the Faculty of Law of UNSW Sydney, a non-executive director of NASDAQ and Euronext listed biotechnology firm Aptorum Group, an Advisory Board Member of the Global Impact FinTech (GIFT) Forum, Policy 4.0 and of the Centre for Finance, Technology and Entrepreneurship (CFTE), and co-founder and an executive board member of the Asia Pacific Structured Finance Association. In 2020 he was awarded an inaugural Hong Kong Research Grants Council Senior Fellowship to study the role of digital finance in financial inclusion and the UN Sustainable Development Goals. Douglas has published eighteen books and more than 200 articles, chapters and reports on international financial law and regulation, including most recently Reconceptualising Global Finance and its Regulation (Cambridge 2016) (with Ross Buckley and Emilios Avgouleas) and The RegTech Book (Wiley 2019 (Janos Barberis and Ross Buckley). His recent papers are available on SSRN at https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/cf_dev/AbsByAuth.cfm?per_id=524849 , where he is among the top 50 authors in the world by total downloads, as well as among the top 15 law authors. Douglas led the development of Introduction to FinTech – launched with edX in May 2018 and now with over 100,000 learners spanning almost every country in the world – and the foundation of the edx-HKU Online Professional Certificate in FinTech. In addition, he has served as a consultant with, among others, the World Bank, Asian Development Bank, UN, APEC, Alliance for Financial Inclusion, and European Bank for Reconstruction and Development. He has lectured, co-organised conferences and seminars and been involved with financial sector reform projects around the world. Douglas has been a visiting professor or fellow at Duke, Harvard, the Hong Kong Institute for Monetary Research, IDC Herzliya, McGill, Melbourne, National University of Singapore, University of New South Wales, Shanghai University of Finance and Economics, and Zurich, among others.

Use of Technology Platforms for CBDC

13:0014:00

Technology platforms for CBDCs

11:00 - 11:45

  • What are the technology options for a CBDC?
  • How should central banks go about choosing the technology – is interoperability a relevant consideration?
  • Is DLT necessary – could a centralised platform also work?
  • How do central banks keep pace with new technologies if they issued their own CBDC?
Thomas Moser

Alternate member of the governing board

Swiss National Bank

Thomas Moser is Alternate Member of the Governing Board of the Swiss National Bank. He is also a member of the Managing Committee of the Swiss Institute of Banking and Finance at the University of St. Gallen and a member of the Board of Directors of Orell Füssli Holding Ltd. From 2006 to 2009 he was Executive Director at the International Monetary Fund (IMF) in Washington, D.C., USA. Thomas Moser holds a MA and a doctorate in Economics from the University of Zurich.

14:0014:15

Break

15:15 - 15:45

14:1515:15

Understanding implications for banking, financial stability and monetary policy

12:00 - 12:45

  • Overview of considerations regarding the introduction of CBDCs as an instrument for monetary policy 
  • Interactions of CBDCs for interest rates and quantitative easing 
  • Examples of risks and opportunities of introducing CBDCs 
Carl Andreas Claussen

Senior advisor

Sveriges Riksbank

Carl Andreas is senior advisor at the Riksbank. He is an experienced central banker and is currently involved in questions related to money and the digitalisation of payments. His latest research focus on cash demand. Claussen has worked at several central banks and done technical assistance and consultancy work for many more. He has published in academic journals, central bank outlets and blogs. He has a Phd in political economy from the University of Oslo, Norway.

15:1515:45

Networking break
An opportunity to share experiences with your fellow participants.

14:15 - 14:45

15:4516:15

Closing remarks and delegate action plans

13:00 - 13:30

  • Summary of the course
  • Discussion of the observed trends and case studies
  • Application of learning points in the delegates’ home organisations
  • Preparation of action points

16:1516:30

Feedback forum
We will send a link in this session to the feedback form and would kindly ask that you help us improve the training product by completing the survey. We would also welcome any verbal feedback in this session.

16:15 - 16:30

Date: November 11
The Implementation Workshop is a chair-led forum where attendees will have the opportunity to discuss challenges around implementing the ideas they have learnt during the Live Content. Prior to the workshop you will be emailed questions to prepare in order to gain the most from the session with peers.

13:0014:00

Implementation Workshop

11:00 - 12:00

Benefits of attending the Implementation Workshop: 

  • Developments in the area since the live content sessions, including new resource material
  • Questions arising since returning to the central bank
  • Challenges of implementation: where are the roadblocks?
  • Medium-term goals: what is realistic?
  • Establishment of group network to keep in touch with peers and share best practices

Learning outcomes

At the conclusion of the training, participants will be able to:

  • Understand the implications of CBDCs on financial stability and monetary policy
  • Assess the legal implications of crypto assets and digital money
  • Develop strategies for effective regulation of privately issued digital money
  • Assess the opportunities for improving cross-border payments and financial inclusion
  • Design a cost-benefit analysis of digital money with a focus of systemic oversight

Elisabeth Noble

Senior policy expert

European Banking Authority

Elisabeth Noble is a Senior Policy Advisor at the European Banking Authority. She leads the EBA’s work on crypto-assets, DLT, and the platformisation of financial services and is the EBA coordinator for the European Forum for Innovation Facilitators. She represents the EBA in EU and international standard-setter policy work streams relating to FinTech, market-based finance, financial system interconnectedness, market access and the regulatory perimeter. She is contributing to the delivery of the EU Digital Finance Strategy and was a member of the European Commission’s Expert Group on Regulatory Obstacles to Financial Innovation (now disbanded). Prior to joining the EBA, Elisabeth was at the UK’s finance ministry (2008-14) advising primarily on the response to the financial crisis and the post-crisis domestic and EU regulatory reforms, including the reforms to the regulatory architecture in the EU (Banking Union). Elisabeth has also spent some time in the private sector.